Covered ladle



April 25, 1939. M. w. GOLDBERG 2,155,540

I CQVERED LADLE Filed Oct. 31, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l I t U April 25, 1939- M w. GOLDBERG COVERED LADLE Filed 001;. 31, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VENTOR. BY m M ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 25, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COVERED LA'DLE Application October 31, 1936, Serial No. 108,557

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in covered ladles.

In co-pending applications Serial No. 746,042 filed September 29, 1934, Serial No. 47,560 filed October 31, 1935, and Serial No. 73,829 filed April 11, 1936, are disclosed several forms of covered insulated ladles. These ladles can be furnished in much larger sizes than was heretofore practical because the insulation and cover prevent radiation and excessive loss of heat, and thus maintain the metal in fluent condition until it has all been poured. Heretoiore, uncovered and uninsulated ladies were employed, and these ladles could only be used in small sizes as the radiation of heat from a ladle of larger size would make it impossible for an attendant to remain near enough to take care of the pouring operations, and large size uninsulated and uncovered ladles could not be emptied rapidly enough to prevent solidification therein.

The ladles disclosed in the above-mentioned copending applications are all in general of the conventional upright bucket type, and it has been found that when these ladles were of large size and full of metal, that considerable effort was required to tilt the same for pouring purposes. Furthermore, it was difficult in pouring to provide for smooth discharge of the molten material and prevent splashing thereof.

It is therefore a principal object of the present invention to provide a ladle of novel form comprising a horizontally disposed cylinder adapted to be pivotally supported by trunnions or the like located axially of the cylinder so that in pouring it is merely necessary to rock the ladle on its 1ongitudinal axis. Due to this method of support considerably less eifort is required in tilting the ladle for pouring purposes, and smooth discharge of the molten metal is insured.

A further object of the invention is to provide a ladle of the type described which is effectively insulated and provided with a readily movable insulated cover.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide a ladle in the form of a horizontally disposed cylinder wherein the filling opening and spout are located in the cylindrical wall, and wherein both ends are permanently closed and provided with projecting centrally located trunnions.

A further specific object of the invention is to provide a ladle as above described wherein the filling opening is of less width than the length of the cylinder forming the ladle, and wherein means is provided for permitting removal of an additional portion of the cylindrical wall adjacent said filling opening so that there is sufficient access to the interior to permit relining of the ladle when necessary.

A further object of the invention is to provide a ladle of the type described having means for swingably moving the ladle cover to and from closing position with respect to the filling opening.

with the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of the improved covered ladle and all its parts and combinations as set forth in the claims and all equivalents thereof.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating one complete embodiment of the preferred form of the invention, in which the same reference numerals designate the same parts in all of the views:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of the improved ladle and associated supporting means;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line '22 of Fig. 1';

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the ladle; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing the method of wedging the permanent 2 ing from opposite ends of the improved ladle Ill 7 are journalled. The trunnion 9 may extend through its bearing '7 and into a gear box 1 i. A hand wheel l2 may be provided for operating a worm or the like within the housing Ii, which worm is adapted to operate a worm wheel in the housing H to rotate the trunnion. means such as the arms l3 embracing one side of the bail may be employed to anchor the gear boxes in fixed position.

Any suitable The improved ladle l0 consists of a horizontally V isposed metal cylinder having closed circular ends, the trunnions 8 and 9 projecting from the center of said ends so that when the hand wheel I2 is manipulated, the ladle will be rotated on its cylindrical axis.

One part of the cylindrical wall of the ladle is left open during original manufacture, and said opening originally extends substantially through the length of the cylinder forming the ladle. This opening affords access for lining of the ladle, and the ladle may accordingly be lined with fire brick [4 or other suitable refractory material, the lining of the ladle proper terminating at the edges 15 and I6 (see Fig. 2). These edges l5 and iii of the lining are then recessed throughout their length as at H and I8, and insaid recesses there are inserted metal strips l9 and '20. These strips are of less thickness than the recess. Other L-shaped metal strips 21 and 22 having Wedge shaped portions 23 and 24 are driven in above the strips l9 and 20. Holes 25 and 26 (see Fig. 5) are then made in the metal pieces 2| and 22, I9 and 20 A fixed curved cover part 21 having a lining of fire brick or other refractory material 28 is then placed in position in the manner shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and wedges 29 are driven into the apertures 25 and 26 above the fixed cover part 2! to wedge the cover into position (see Fig. 5).

Next fire clay or other refractory material 30, while in plastic condition, is spread over the fixed cover part 21 as shown in Figs, 2 and 3. Thus part of the original opening of the ladle is closed in the manner shown in Fig. 3.

An opening 3| communicates with the spout portion 32 and is adapted to be closed by a movable curved cover portion 33, which cover portion is formed of a metal shell, lined with fire brick, fire clay, or other refractory material 34.

Arms 35 and 36 on each side of the ladle have one end pivotally connected to the ladle as at 31 and 38 and have their other end pivotally connected to the movable cover 33 as at 39 and 40. Thus when it is desired to fill the ladle with molten metal, the movable cover can readily be swung to the full line position of Fig. 3, and as soon as the ladle has been filled with metal, the cover 33 can be swung back to the closed position shown in Fig. 1. When the cover is in this position, it is apparent that the ladle is entirely closed except for the spout opening, and that due to the insulation and cover the molten metal will remain in fluent condition for a substantial length of time. Thus it is entirely practical to furnish this type of ladle in large sizes, capable of holding enough metal to fill many molds.

The bottom of the ladle may be provided with legs 4| so that the ladle will stand on the floor in the manner shown in Fig. 2 when desired.

Due to the fact that the ladle proper comprises a horizontally disposed cylinder supported by trunnions located axially of the cylinder, it is apparent that the weight of the ladle is evenly distributed around the pivotal axis and that tilting can be more easily accomplished than with the upright type of ladle. During such tilting, for pouring purposes, the molten metal 42 will run evenly around on the cylindrical wall and will be smoothly discharged from the spout 32. With the upright type of ladle, due to the straight upright walls, after the ladle has been tilted to a certain position the molten metal is likely to come out with a rush in larger quantities than desired and may do considerable damage or even injure workmen.

In view of the fact that insulated ladles must from time to time be relined, it was important that provision be made to take care of this necessity for relining. With the present invention it is merely necessary to break out the fire clay 39 covering the fixed cover part 21, remove the wedges 29 and lift out said fixed cover part. The entire original opening is then exposed, giving sufficient access to the interior to permit the relining to be accomplished.

Various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all of such changes are contemplated as may come within the scope of the claims.

What I claim is:

1. A metal pouring ladle comprising a substantially horizontally disposed cylinder, heat resisting lining in said cylinder, means for supporting said cylinder for rotation on its longitudinal axis, there being an opening in the cylindrical wall of the ladle, a fixed cover closing part of said opening, wedges for anchoring said fixed cover in position, refractory material covering 1 said wedges and fixed cover, a movable cover adapted to close the remainder of said opening, said wedges and refractory material being movable to provide for lifting of said fixed cover for relining purposes, and a spout projecting from a portion of said cylindrical wall.

2. A metal ladle comprising a substantially horizontally disposed cylinder, a heat resisting lining in said cylinder, means for supporting said cylinder for rotation on its longitudinal axis, there being an opening in the cylindrical wall of the ladle, a fixed cover closing part of said opening and having its outer surface depressed below the outer surface of the cylindrical Wall, refractory material superimposed on said cover and having its outer surface substantially flush with the outer surface of the cylindrical wall, a movable cover normallypositioned at one side of said fixed cover to close the remainder of said opening, said refractory material and fixed cover being removable to provide additional access to the interior for relining purposes, and a spout projecting from a portion of said cylindrical wall.

3. A metal pouring ladle comprising a substantially horizontally disposed cylinder closed at both ends, means for supporting said cylinder for rotation on its longitudinal axis, a spout'projecting from a portion of the cylindrical wall and positioned nearer to one end of the cylinder than to the other, said cylindrical wall also having a filling opening therein which is positioned nearer to said same end than to the other end, a movable cover for said filling opening, and arms pivoted to that portion of the cylindrical wall of the ladle which lies between the spout and the end of the cylinder which is more removed from said spout, said arms having upper portions connected to the cover for guiding the latter in swinging movement.

4. A metal pouring ladle comprising a substansaid same end of the cylinder than to the other end, a movable cover for said filling opening, and arms for guiding the cover in swinging movement pivoted to that portion of the cylindrical wall of the ladle which lies between the spout and the end of the cylinder which is more removed from said spout, some of said arms being curved to fit around the spout when the cover is closed, and said arms being swingable to move the cover longitudinally to an open position of rest on that portion of the cylinder which is between the cover opening and the end removed from said opening, said cover when open being free of interference with the bail during rotating movement of the ladle.

MAX W. GOLDBERG. 

